One Room Schoolhouse Park

The Daily Plant : Friday, September 5, 2003

ASK PROFESSOR GINKGO: CASTLES AND CLASSROOMS

Dear Professor Ginkgo:

Well, dear reader, of course there never has been a King or Queen of New York—although several have vied for such a title. That being said, Belvedere Castle was never a home to anyone—except animals that is. Actually, early in Central Park’s lifetime, the Park’s designer and architect Calvert Vaux created an observation tower atop Vista Rock to overlook the old reservoir that is now the Great Lawn. The Gothic-style Castle was designed as a landmark for the pedestrian park visitor. Much of the structure was in fact constructed from the same type of schist as the Vista Rock which is why it appears to have been carved out of the actual rock itself. Its granite trim comes from a quarry in Quincy, Massachusetts and its roofs are made of colored slate from Vermont, Virginia, and New York.

Now as I’ve said, there are many small animals one can observe when they visiting the castle’s Henry Luce Nature Observatory, which includes interactive nature exhibits and bird-watching kits. But the castle’s most important resident isn’t alive at all. In fact, it’s weather reading equipment. That’s right. Whenever you read about the "temperature in Central Park," the weather being referred to is at the castle itself. Between 1869 and 1919, weather readings were taken from the Arsenal at 64^th Street and Fifth Avenue. After 1919, the United States Weather Bureau moved the Central Park Observatory to the castle.

Well, I’m sorry to report that you’ve missed your chance to go to the one room schoolhouse. It was the last one of its kind in Queens until it was demolished to make a home for the park in 1934. The park was named under a local law in 1996. Compulsory school was first required by legislation in New York State in 1874. Five years later, in 1879, the one room schoolhouse opened. Last called P.S. 10, the school had also been known as the Bowery Bay School, for a school that was established in Steinway in 1734, and as a Frogtown School. The surrounding neighborhoods were largely rural and sparsely settled during the school's early existence. Many of the pupils were children of nearby farmers. The school was headed by Emma Fagan for thirty years. It had capacity for fifty-two students, divided into six classes, one for each year. The six rows of desks were arranged according to the age and ability of the students. The beginners were seated at the smaller desks in the front, while the more advanced students occupied the back rows.

By 1910, the one-room schoolhouse was considered antiquated in contrast to the public education system that was quickly expanding in more urban areas as a result of reform movements and to meet the needs of immigrants. Local concern was voiced that the school would be phased out in favor of a new institution in Corona. While the one-room schoolhouse was closed by 1925, a temporary school building was still in use at the time Parks & Recreation acquired the property from the Board of Education in 1934.

Fortunately, there are still plenty of great schools in New York City. I hope you will consider one of them instead.

Please join as at the Semi-Annual Blood Drive for employees who work in the three Arsenals, Manhattan Borough and the Central Park Conservancy. Help us to continue to save lives by being a donor.

The Blood Drive will be held Thursday, September 11, 2003 and Friday, September 12, 2003 from 8:30 a.m. - 1:45 p.m. at the Arsenal Gallery.

(*Employees who give a blood donation will receive three (3) hours Blood Compensatory Time)

For more information or to become a donor contact the following coordinators:

Hedi Piel - The Arsenal (212) 360-3442

Tarice Harris - Arsenal West (212) 830-7815

Luke Gebhard - Arsenal North (212)360-2776

Nadieg Jean - Cental Park Conservancy (212) 310-6635

Ben Kramer - Manhattan Boro (212) 408-0221